Sheet-metal drum



Nuvi, 15, 1927.`

C. H. DRAPER SHEET METAL `DRUM Filed Sept.'6, 1923 4 Sheets-Sheet 1 IIIIIIII11 I Utili!!! Hl.,

Hlllllll fia:

C H DRAPER SHEETMETAL DRUM Filed Sept. 6, 1923 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 Nov. l5,192 7.

1,649,292 C. H. DRAPER SHEET MEETAL'DRUM Filed Sept. 6, 1923l 4Sheets-Sheet 4 Nov. l5,

Patented y Nov. 15, l1927.

UNITED -STATES 'PATENT 'OFFICEL CnAELEs H. DEAPEE, OE CLEVELAND,oHIo,.Ass1GNo:a 'ro THE nEAPEn MANUFACTUR- ING COMPANY, Or CLEVELAND,OHIO, A CORPORATION or omo.

' sHEE'r-METAL Danni.

Application led September 6, 1923. Serial No. 661,197.

My invention relates to im rovements in sheet metal drums and has or'its object, first, the sectional strengthening of the drum throughoutits end portions, preferably by depressed corrugations in the body ofthe metal; second, the'provision of lrolling hoops intimately associatedwith the corrugated areas, and, third, the interpos'ition of auxiliaryrolling hoops between the main rolling hoops and the ends of the drum,whereby said drum is better adapted for rolling upon skids. f i

I am well aware that sheet metal barrels anddrums of the prior art havebeen provided with corrugations for the purpose of strengthening them,and have been constructed with rolling hoops of various types', butnotin ccmbinat'iomwith suitably corrugated terminal areas or withauxiliary roll.- ing hoops, so iar as .I have been'able to ascertain.

- In order Vto explain the particular -featuresof improvement in thisseemingly sim-` ple construction, it will be desirable to ,il-

lustiate and enter upon a somewhat detailed l discussion of theemployment of my 1m.

proved drum' as comparedwith the usev and adaptation ot priorstructures. TO this end,

reference may he made to the accompanyingy '30 drawings, whereln:

Figure 1 is a view of a sheet steel drum in side elevationincorporatingmy improvements. Fig.` 2 is another view 1n slde elevation f, showingthedrum rolling upon skids, shown in cross section.

Fig. V3 is an enlarged fragmentary view illustratingA the coaction ofthe auxiliary and main rolling hoops.' f

Fig. 4 is a fragmentary view illustrating the ordinary type of drumrolling upon V skids.

Fig; 5 is an enlarged fragmentary view lillustrating how the 'ordinaryrolling hoop elimbsfupon a skid.

Fig. -6 is a diagrammatic sectional-.view

illustrating the action of iarv 'rolling hoop. Y Fig. 7 is a similarview comparing the action of 'an ordinary lsheet-metal drum by theyarched auxila flattening effect whenv rolling on a skid.

" skid rail-unassociated with terminal corrul. indicated Flgs. 10 and11, whereby the Fig. 8v is a frasz'mentary-1l view illustrating theauxiliary rolling hoop upon ra'. narrow gation.

thinning of the metal effected by expanded corrugations. Fig.' 13 is aview of the drum in side elevation illustrating the normal action of therolling hoops on a ioor. f

Fig. 14 is a similar view illustrating the 'effect of an encounteredobstruction near one end of the drum. l

Fig. 15 is another view illustrating the common practice of blocking kupone end of the 'drum for handling it.

Fig. 16 is a fragmentary view illustrating the reinforcing effect of thecorrugated area against damage from severe impact or fall, an r Figi-17is a similar view comparing the resultant, injury caused under likecircum- 1 stances 'in a drum unprovided with such cor-- rugated area. f'

j Throughout the several figures 'of the drawings I haveemployed thesame'characters of reference to indicate similar parts.

`The sheet metal drum herein lshown as an `embodiment ofV my inventionis produced from a sheet steell shell a, longitudinally A seamed at awherein expanded rolling hoops b, b are intermediate'ly spun, as shown 3in Fig.. 9. .The central area a preferably is leftiof Ordinarycylindrical form in order `to receive the bung or closure member c andmore readily eieet a tight jointltherewith. Moreover, theexpense ofcorrugatingithls area is avoided, since this normally is unnecessary. IThe cylindrical shell is completed by spinning the slightly liattened,archedauxi iary rolling hoops b', b adjacent to said.l main rolling hoob, '12; two areas'of depressed and contiguous concave and convexcorrugations, d, d. being provlded intermediately of the auxiliaryrolling hoops and the ends of the shell, respectively. It will beobserved that the concave corrugations are fabricated or spuninwardly'of the shell, as

' mal diameter' of the sheet metal shell.

metal of the shell is compressed and not thinned, as with the ordinarypractice of spinning expanded corrugations, indicated at e in Fig. l2.

Not only is a thinning of the metal avoided. with attendant sectionalweakening of the shell or drum. when depressed corrugations are throwninto the shell in accordance with my present improvements, but theweakening of the longitudinal welded seam a and formation of minuteopenings. attendant upon the operation of convex corrugation, likewiseare overcome. Normally it is necessary to re-weld the seam ot a shellthat hasbeen corrugated in the usual way, but this very rarely isrequired when the corrugations are depressed within the nor- Theformation oi the corrugated areas and the associated rolling hoopsnecessarily short.- ens the shell, as indicated by a comparison of Figs.9 andv 10.

The Sheet metal drum is completed by seaming the heads f, f at eitherend and, it desired, protecting the head seam by a chime ring f', inaccordance with well recognized practice; the complete drum being shownin Although the more commo-n mode of handling these drums involvesrolling them from place to placeA upon the'expanded roll ing hoops b, b,vit is found that said drums must be transported long distances, orrolled from one elevation, to another upon `skids.

Accordingly, I have provided the auxiliaryv .rollmg hoops b', b', whichare adapted to enUage the skids and support thedrum while rollingthereon. Moreover. it will he observed that the adjacent rolling hoopsb,- b are formed with relatively abrupt outer in. clines, like theflange of a wheel, so that the drum Vwill remain on the skidway, y, g.The4 action of these two members is indicated by the dash and dottedline position, enlarged 1n Fig. 3, as one of these flange-like hoops bapproaches the skid g.

A comparison with the ordinary type of barrel having rolling hoops gf, gmay be made by considering-Figs. et and 5,whe'rein the gradual inclineof the engaging side of the ro'lling hoop rides upon the skid g, firstscraping any paint or protective covering from the metal and frequentlyridingon the top of the skid itself. Another sort of action 1s portrayedin Fig. 7 which shows the attening 'actioni exertedupon the cylindricalportlonofv an kordinary barrel or drum when its supported weight,approximating five hundred pounds, filled, is carried upon skids. Thechord portion g thus formed is progressive, effecting a weaving orkdisplacement of the sheet metal sectionally that 1s injurious to thelongitudinal seam and' im pedes rolling action.l i

O n the contrary, it will be appreciated that the series of corrugationsand the main and auxiliary rolling hoops -provided upon my improvedsheet metal drum al'lcoact to maintain the true cylindrical formy of thecompleted shell and the tlattened arch-like form ot the auxiliaryrolling hoops preserve the annular contour of these members even whensupporting the weight ot' the drum and contents upon skids, as indicatedin Fig'. 6. The adjacent elevated' rolling hoops and corrugated areas,merging on either si de into the auxiliary'rolling hoops mutuallyreinforce each other and assure a much stronger drum construction thanany presented the prior art. I may add, however, that it is notinvariably necessary to associate the corrui gated area with theserolling hoops, as I haye shown a modification in Fig.,8. Therein a.narrowskid rail g3 is shown supporting the auxiliary rolling hoop b,while the end portion of the drum is left of true cylindrical form, andis not reinforced by any corrugations. Y

The function of the depressed corrugated 'areas of my improved sheetsteel drum, however, should not be overlooked or minimized. Thus, withthe drum rolling upon a level floor,as shown in Fig. 13, these areasatord adjacent flanking supports for the met-al of the rolling hoopswhile undergoing the strain of supporting the drum and its'contentsprogressively. e

`Again, deformation of the end portions is largely obviate'd in theevent that an obstruction, such as the stone h, is encountered by therolli-ng drum, as indicated in Fig. 14. If the shock orblow, however, issuticient to produce an indentation, the corrugated depressions ofcompressed metal will better resist and constrict the ei'ect than wouldan ordinary type of drum.

In Fig. -15 is shown a common expedient for terminally supporting a drumby a wooden block 11 preparatory to 11p-ending said drum, lifting theend from the left, in order better to positionthe drum and assist in itselevation. Similarly, a block may be gradually pushed under the heavilyweighted drum to prevent it from falling back and possibly injuring theworkers foot. In

either case the depressed corrugations are eiclent in stittening thedrum against local stresses and strains, and to an extent not attainablewith oorrugations Anecessarily thinned inA their fabrication.

Still another andv very common cause of injury to sheet steel drums issafeguarded by the-depressed corrugated areas; this existing in theeffect of an edgewise impact of a falling container and its contents. InFig. 16 .I have endeavored to indicate how well the resultantdeformation is minimized,

as compared with .a similar accident to an...

ordinary of drum, shown seriously lings. injury of this extent uiteobviouslyimpairs the appearance o the container and materially decreasesits capacity,

. in addition to weakening the resistance to within the originaldiameter of the body 4forcing sheet metal drums,

Ille further .dama e'or strain. j L

I'wish' to ave it understood that l do not limit the present inventionto the precise structure or details of the embodiment herein shown anddescribed, since its features are subject to modification `as defined inand bythe following claims.

I accordingly claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent, thefollowing:

1. The herein described method of locally reinforcing sheet-metal drums,which consists in producing areas of contiguous depressed and convexcorrugations separated y a cylindrical body portion substantiallyslnuous in cross-section annularly adjacent to the heads thereof forreinforcement and portion, substantially as set forth.

'2.A The herein described method of reinwhich consists roducin elevatedrollingwhoops interiately o'v the cylindrical dy and terminal areas of-concave and convex v annular i l corrugations substantially sinuous incrossvcating sheet producing elevated rolling hoops of maxisectionadjacent to said rolling hoops, substantially as set forth. 3. Theherein described method of fabrimetal drums, which consists yin mumdiameter, auxiliary vrolling hoops of reduced diameter andterminal areasadjacent to said rolling, hoops in positions to I reinforce them ofannularly corrugated construction, substantially as set forth.

. 4. A sheet metal drum having two spaced rolling hoops formedintermediately of its cylindrical body portion and two adjacentcorrugated areas in the body portion positione respectively to reinforcesaid rolling hoops between said hoops and the heads o the drum,substantially as set forth.

5. A sheet metal drum-having two spaced rolling hoops of maximumd1ameter, two adjacent auxiliary rolling hoops of reduced f diameterformed intermediately of .the body portion and two depressed corrugatedareas positioned respectively to reinforce the areas of the rollinghoops against incidental strains between said auxiliary rolling hoo sand the respective heads of the drum, su

cylin rical bodA 'portion of vsaid drum and heads of the rum,substantially. as

e5' rollinn` hoops formed intermediately of the.:

two immediate y adl'acent corrugated ,areas positioned respecti elyv toreinforce said rolling hoops between thehoopsand the heads of the drum,`comprising concave and convex annular cornug'ations in the terminalportions of A,the body, substantially as set forth. ;I` 8. A sheet meialrolling hoops pn senting sides and adjacent auxi iary rolhn of reduceddiameter together hoops orming flanged treads for the drum,substantially" as set forth.

9. A sheet metal drum having its shell reinforced by depressed corruated areas adjacent f to itsifends, interpose auxiliary rolling hoops,and elevated intermediate rolling hoops, substantially as set forth.

l0. Asheet metal drum having two spaced rollin hoops e pandedintermediately of a cylin rical bod? portion of 'said drum and of twoimme `-ately Valdjacent corrugated areas substanti lly sinuous incross-section f ositio'ned respectively to reinforce said rolling hoopsand depressed substantially within the Aoriginal diameter of the drum,substantially as set forth.`

In testimony whereof I do now ax my signature.

' CHARLES n. Daarna. j

abruptly inclined

